We report the case of a 63-year-old man who developed an anaplastic oligoastrocytoma of the brain stem and midbrain 13 years
after postoperative high-dose proton–photon radiation therapy for a recurrent low-grade chondrosarcoma of the skull base.
To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of an anaplastic glioma after proton–photon irradiation.
Keywords Anaplastic glioma - Brain tumor - Oligoastrocytoma - Proton radiation therapy - Radiation-associated tumor - Skull base chondrosarcoma