With the increasing popularity of large-scale distributed computing networks,a new aspect has to be considered for scheduling
problems: machines may not be available permanently, but may be withdrawn and reappear later.We give several results for completion
time based objectives: 1. we show that scheduling independent jobs on identical machines with online failures to minimize
the sum of completion times is (8/7 − ε)-inapproximable, 2. we give a nontrivial sufficient condition on machine failure under which the SRPT (shortest remaining
processing time) heuristic yields optimal results for this setting, and 3. we present meta-algorithms that convert approximation
algorithms for offline scheduling problems with completion time based objective on identical machines to approximation algorithms
for the corresponding preemptive online problem on identical machines with discrete or continuous time. Interestingly, the
expected approximation rate becomes worse by a factor that only depends on the probability of unavailability.