In developing algorithms that dynamically changes the structure and weights of ANN (Artificial Neural Networks), there must be a proper balance between network complexity and its generalization capability. SEPA addresses these issues using an encoding scheme where network weights and connections are encoded in matrices of real numbers. Network parameters are locally encoded and locally adapted with fitness evaluation consisting mainly of fast feed-forward operations. Experimental results in some well-known classification problems demonstrate SEPA’s high consistency performance in classification, fast convergence, and good optimality of structure.