Again, perusal of the literature was not dull at all. Recent publications give new insight in diagnosis and therapy of neurally
mediated syncope. International guidelines advocate carotid massage as a diagnostic test in older syncope patients. Apparently,
the false positive rate of this test is rather high, which may limit its clinical utility in unselected patients. Many syncope
patients are treated with beta-adrenoreceptor blockers. Yet, in the largest placebo-controlled, double-blind study conducted
to date, metoprolol was ineffective in preventing spontaneous syncope. Ingestion of honey from Rhododendron ponticum contains
grayanotoxins. Ingestion of the “mad honey” causes bradycardia and hypotension, thus, mimicking neurally mediated syncope.
How do cortical neurons accommodate the daunting task to run “vertebrate software”? A recent study introduces the concept
that functional cooperation between sodium channels may fasten action potential onset in cortical neurons, which may improve
the coding of fast nerve signals. Finally, two publications support the idea that manipulation of residual sympathetic nerves
in autonomic failure patients may be a useful approach to alleviate orthostatic hypotension and supine hypertension. The approach
may have distinct advantages compared with traditional treatment approaches.
Keywords Syncope - Vasovagal - Carotid sinus - Metoprolol - Beta-blockers - Neuroscience - Sodium channel - Action potential - Orthostatic hypotension - Supine hypertension - Clonidine - Alpha-2 adrenoreceptors - Pyridostigmine - Acetylcholinesterase - Honey - Food poisoning