In this paper, a fracture mechanics model is developed to illustrate the importance of time-dependence for brittle fractured
rock. In particular a model is developed for the time-dependent degradation of rock joint cohesion. Degradation of joint cohesion
is modeled as the time-dependent breaking of intact patches or rock bridges along the joint surface. A fracture mechanics
model is developed utilizing subcritical crack growth, which results in a closed-form solution for joint cohesion as a function
of time. As an example, a rock block containing rock bridges subjected to plane sliding is analyzed. The cohesion is found
to continually decrease, at first slowly and then more rapidly. At a particular value of time the cohesion reduces to value
that results in slope instability. A second example is given where variations in some of the material parameters are assumed.
A probabilistic slope analysis is conducted, and the probability of failure as a function of time is predicted. The probability
of failure is found to increase with time, from an initial value of 5% to a value at 100 years of over 40%. These examples
show the importance of being able to predict the time-dependent behavior of a rock mass containing discontinuities, even for
relatively short-term rock structures.
Keywords: Rock fracture mechanics - time dependent - subcritical crack growth - slope stability - rock joint - rock joint - rock fracture - joint cohesion - joint friction angle - rock bridge.
Received November 5, 2001; accepted July 24, 2002; Published online November 19, 2002