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Interval Tree Clocks
A Logical Clock for Dynamic Systems

Paulo Sérgio AlmeidaContact Information, Carlos BaqueroContact Information and Victor FonteContact Information

(4)  DI/CCTC, Universidade do Minho, Largo do Paço, 4709 Braga Codex, Portugal
Abstract
Causality tracking mechanisms, such as vector clocks and version vectors, rely on mappings from globally unique identifiers to integer counters. In a system with a well known set of entities these ids can be preconfigured and given distinct positions in a vector or distinct names in a mapping. Id management is more problematic in dynamic systems, with large and highly variable number of entities, being worsened when network partitions occur. Present solutions for causality tracking are not appropriate to these increasingly common scenarios. In this paper we introduce Interval Tree Clocks, a novel causality tracking mechanism that can be used in scenarios with a dynamic number of entities, allowing a completely decentralized creation of processes/replicas without need for global identifiers or global coordination. The mechanism has a variable size representation that adapts automatically to the number of existing entities, growing or shrinking appropriately. The representation is so compact that the mechanism can even be considered for scenarios with a fixed number of entities, which makes it a general substitute for vector clocks and version vectors.

Keywords  Causality - logical clock - version vectors - vector clocks - dynamic systems


Contact Information Paulo Sérgio Almeida
Email: psa@di.uminho.pt

Contact Information Carlos Baquero
Email: cbm@di.uminho.pt

Contact Information Victor Fonte
Email: vff@di.uminho.pt
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