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Abstract

The reaction between spodumene (Li2O • A12O2 • 4SiO2) and tachyhydrite (CaCl2 2MgCl2 • 12H2O) at temperatures above 1270 K, when the spodumene has transformed from the unreactive α-form to the β-form, was studied varying the reaction temperature and the relative proportions of the two minerals in the reaction mixtures. Mass balances as well as X-ray diffraction to identify the reaction products indicate that the reactions that occur are 1. a decomposition of the tachyhydrite, losing at first some of its water of crystallization, followed by MgCl2 hydrolyzing to MgO; 2. a transformation of the α-spodumene into β-spodumene; and 3. a reaction between the β-spodumene, MgO produced from tachyhydrite, and CaCl2 of the tachyhydrite according to the equation: Li2O • A12O3 • 4SiO2 + CaCl2 + 8MgO = 2LiCl + CaO • MgO • SiO2 + 3SiO2 • 2MgO + A12O3 • MgO. X-ray diffraction confirmed the presence of all the phases in the products except the phase containing alumina. Considerations of the quaternary phase diagram Al203-SiO2-MgO-CaO show that the phases indicated as reaction products are the ones expected under equilibrium conditions at the reaction temperature. Calculated standard free energy change (△G°) of the suggested reaction is −211926 Joules at 1423 K, indicating that under standard conditions the reaction is possible.
M. M. A. El-Naggar,Formerly Professor of Extractive Metallurgy COPPE, The Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, (UFRJ), Brazil

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