Chlorosomes of green photosynthetic bacterium
Chlorobium tepidum contain aggregates of bacteriochlorophyll
c (BChl
c) with carotenoids and isoprenoid quinones. BChl aggregates with very similar optical properties can be prepared also in vitro
either in non-polar solvents or in aqueous buffers with addition of lipids and/or carotenoids
. In this work, we show that the aggregation of BChl
c in aqueous buffer can be induced also by quinones (vitamin K
1 and K
2), provided they are non-polar due to a hydrophobic side-chain. Polar vitamin K
3, which possess the same functional group as K
1 and K
2, does not induce the aggregation. The results confirm a principal role of the hydrophobic interactions as a driving force
for the aggregation of chlorosomal BChls. The chlorosomal quinones play an important role in a redox-dependent excitation
quenching, which may protect the cells against damage under oxygenic conditions. We found that aggregates of BChl
c with vitamin K
1 and K
2 exhibit an excitation quenching as well. The amplitude of the quenching depends on quinone concentration, as determined from
fluorescence measurements. No lipid is necessary to induce the quenching, which therefore originates mainly from interactions
of BChl
c with quinones incorporated in the aggregate structure. In contrast, only a weak quenching was observed for dimers of BChl
c in buffer (either with or without vitamin K
3) and also for BChl
c aggregates prepared with a lipid (lecithin). Thus, the weak quenching seems to be a property of BChl
c itself.
Keywords Bacteriochlorophyll aggregates - Chlorosomes - Green sulphur bacteria - Redox-dependent excitation quenching - Quinones