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Dynamic Active Constraints for Hyper-Redundant Flexible Robots
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Dynamic Active Constraints for Hyper-Redundant Flexible Robots
Ka-Wai Kwok21 , George P. Mylonas21 , Loi Wah Sun21 , Mirna Lerotic21 , James Clark21 , Thanos Athanasiou22 , Ara Darzi23 and Guang-Zhong Yang21 
| (21) |
Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Royal Society/Wolfson Medical Image Computing Laboratory, |
| (22) |
Department of Bio-Surgery and Surgical Technology, |
| (23) |
Department of Surgical Oncology and Technology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom |
Abstract
In robot-assisted procedures, the surgeon’s ability can be enhanced by navigation guidance through the use of virtual fixtures
or active constraints. This paper presents a real-time modeling scheme for dynamic active constraints with fast and simple
mesh adaptation under cardiac deformation and changes in anatomic structure. A smooth tubular pathway is constructed which
provides assistance for a flexible hyper-redundant robot to circumnavigate the heart with the aim of undertaking bilateral
pulmonary vein isolation as part of a modified maze procedure for the treatment of debilitating arrhythmia and atrial fibrillation.
In contrast to existing approaches, the method incorporates detailed geometrical constraints with explicit manipulation margins
of the forbidden region for an entire articulated surgical instrument, rather than just the end-effector itself. Detailed experimental validation is conducted
to demonstrate the speed and accuracy of the instrument navigation with and without the use of the proposed dynamic constraints.
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