Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are benign bone tumors consisting of blood-filled cavities lined by connective tissue septa.
Recently, the hypothesis that ABCs are lesions reactive to local hemodynamics has been challenged after the discovery of specific
recurrent chromosomal abnormalities. Multiple cases of malignant transformation of ABC into (osteo)sarcoma have been described,
as well as a number of cases of telangiectatic osteosarcoma which had been misdiagnosed as ABC. We herewith document a case
of a pelvic ABC metastatic to the lung, liver, and kidneys. Diagnosis was confirmed by the presence of a break in the
USP6 gene, which is pathognomonic for ABC, in a pulmonary metastasis of our patient. Sarcomatous transformation as an explanation
for this behavior was ruled out by demonstrating diploid DNA content in both the pulmonary lesion and the primary tumor.
Keywords Bone cysts - Aneurysmal - Neoplasm metastasis - Image cytometry