In this paper we propose a novel waypoint-based robot navigation method that combines reactive and deliberative actions. The
approach uses reactive exploration to generate waypoints that can then be used by a deliberative system to plan future movements
through the same environment. The waypoints are used largely to provide the interface between reactive and deliberative navigation
and a range of methods could be used for either type of navigation. In the current work, an incremental decision tree method
is used to navigate the robot reactively from the specified initial position to its destination avoiding obstacles in its
path and a genetic algorithm method is used to perform the deliberative navigation. The new method is shown to have a number
of practical advantages. Firstly, in contrast with many deliberative approaches, complete knowledge of the environment is
not required, nor is it necessary to make assumptions regarding the geometry of obstacles. Secondly, the presence of a reactive
navigator means it is always possible to continue directed movements in unknown or changing environments or when time constraints
become particularly demanding. Thirdly, the use of waypoints allows escape from certain obstacle configurations that would
normally trap robots navigated under the control of purely reactive methods. In addition, the results presented in this paper
from a number of realistic simulated environments show that the adoption of waypoints significantly reduces the time to calculate
a deliberative path.
Keywords Waypoint identification - Complex environment - Deterministic crowding - Steady-state genetic algorithm - Decision tree learning - Robot navigation - Mobile robotics