Historically, Nepal has relied on its agricultural sector to sustain economic development. However, given rapid population growth, the nation may find it necessary to develop its mineral base in order to promote economic growth and stability. This paper presents a mineral resource assessment of Nepal and its five development regions, primarily to make an estimate based on geology of the range of minerals that may exist in Nepal. Resource estimates for each development region were obtained by way of geologic comparisons with the 50 US states. It is concluded that Nepal may be well-endowed in non-fuel and energy minerals.