The ichthyofauna of 20 small ponds in the Udmurt Republic was studied to estimate the dependence of fish species abundance on pond size and anthropogenic load, as well as trends in the succession of dominant species complexes in ponds exposed to the prevailing impact of agricultural activity. Changes in the ecological structure of fish communities in small ponds upon an increase in the anthropogenic load were analyzed. Some specific features of the species composition of ichthyofauna in technogenic pond biocenoses were revealed.