Methods: 206 patients who underwent elective surgery for groin hernia at Samariterhemmet, Uppsala, Sweden in 2003 were invited to a follow-up visit after 3–6 weeks. At this visit the patient was instructed to answer a questionnaire including 12 questions concerning postoperative complications. A postoperative history was taken and a clinical examination performed by a surgeon who was not present at the operation and did not know the outcome of the questionnaire. All complications noted by the physician were recorded for corresponding questions in the questionnaire.

Results: 174 (84.5%) patients attended the follow up, 161 men and 13 women. A total of 190 complications were revealed by the questionnaire, 32 of which had caused the patient to seek help from the health-care system. There were 131 complications registered as a result of the follow-up clinical examinations and history. Kappa levels ranged from 0.11 for urinary complications to 0.56 for constipation.

Conclusion: In general, the concordance was poor. These results emphasise the importance of providing detailed information about the usual postoperative course prior to the operation. Whereas the surgeon, from a professional point of view, has a better idea about what should be expected in the postoperative period and how any complications should be categorised, only the patient has a complete picture of the symptoms and adverse events. This makes it impossible to reach complete agreement between the patients and surgeons perceptions of complications, even under the most ideal circumstances.