Modal logics see a wide variety of applications in artificial intelligence, e.g. in reasoning about knowledge, belief, uncertainty,
agency, defaults, and relevance. From the perspective of applications, the attractivity of modal logics stems from a combination
of expressive power and comparatively low computational complexity. Compared to the classical treatment of modal logics with
relational semantics, the use of modal logics in AI has two characteristic traits: Firstly, a large and growing variety of
logics is used, adapted to the concrete situation at hand, and secondly, these logics are often non-normal. Here, we present
a shallow model construction that witnesses PSPACE bounds for a broad class of mostly non-normal modal logics. Our approach
is uniform and generic: we present general criteria that uniformly apply to and are easily checked in large numbers of examples.
Thus, we not only re-prove known complexity bounds for a wide variety of structurally different logics and obtain previously
unknown PSPACE-bounds, e.g. for Elgesem’s logic of agency, but also lay the foundations upon which the complexity of newly
emerging logics can be determined.