This paper evaluates the performance of COPS over secure TLS and IPsec connections. For large size data, when we apply authentication
and encryption, the throughput degrades compared with the throughput without authentication or encryption. COPS has native
security mechanisms, but it also has limitations. As defined in RFC 2478, COPS includes no standard key management and no
data privacy hop-by-hop security. To be deployed, it needs to support access control models. Based on our comparison of the
performance of the implementation of COPS, COPS over TLS and COPS over IPsec, we propose a strategic approach to secure COPS.
Keywords COPS - IPsec - TLS