The Web is becoming the universal information space that was envisioned by its inventor, Tim Berners-Lee. To reach its full potential, the Web needs to face two major challenges: Universality and Scalability. Universality means that anybody should be able to access and publish information on the Web. Therefore, the Web should take into account the vast differences in culture, education, ability, material resources, and physical limitations of users on all continents. Scalability means that while millions of services are deployed on theWeb, the infrastructure should be able to ensure that performance, trust and relevance keep developing.