About 10% of patients with the clinical presentation of type 2 diabetes suffer from an autoimmune form of diabetes associated with a rapid decline of residual β-cell mass and subsequent development of insulin dependency. In this condition, called latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA), there are clinical and metabolic features intermediate between type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Recent studies provide novel information on the immune markers associated with progressive β-cell loss in LADA patients. However, LADA pathogenesis is still poorly understood; further studies are needed to establish general recommendation for preventing and treating this subtype of autoimmune diabetes.