In this review, an evidence-based medicine approach to diagnosis and treatment for allergic rhinitis is reviewed. We performed a search of the medical literature for randomized, placebo-controlled trials of nonsedating antihistamines, intranasal corticosteroids, montelukast, azelastine, allergen immunotherapy, and anti-IgE. The mean numbers needed to treat were: nonsedating antihistamines—15.2; nasal corticosteroids—4.4; montelukast—14.3; azelastine—5.0; allergen immunotherapy—4.6; and anti-IgE—12.4. Treatment thresholds for use were: antihistamines—23%; nasal corticosteroids —8%; azelastine—16%; montelukast—8%; anti-IgE—50%; and immunotherapy—25%. When used appropriately, this information could become very useful for clinicians, particularly if cost, convenience, and other indirect factors can be included.