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Capture Complexity by Partition

Yijia ChenContact Information and Enshao ShenContact Information

(5)  Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique, Université de Paris-Sud, Bâtiment 490, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France
(6)  Department of Computer Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
Abstract
We show in this paper a special extended logic, partition logic based on so called partition quantifiers, is able to capture some important complexity classes NP, P and NL by its natural fragments. The Fagin’s Theorem and Immerman-Vardi’s Theorem are rephrased and strengthened into a uniform partition logic setting. Also the dual operators for the partition quantifiers are introduced to expose some of their important model-theoretic properties. In particular they enable us to show a 0-1 law for the partition logic, even when finite variable infinitary logic is adjunct to it. As a consequence, partition logic cannot count without built-in ordering on structures. Considering its better theoretical properties and tools than those of second order logic, partition logic may provide us with an alternative, yet uniform insight for descriptive complexity.
Supported by Calife, a project of “Réseau National de Recherche en Télécommunications”.
Supported in part by National Foundation of Natural Science of China.

Contact Information Yijia Chen
Email: Yijia.Chen@lri.fr

Contact Information Enshao Shen
Email: shen-es@cs.sjtu.edu.cn
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