In order to summarize the status of rescue robotics, this chapter will cover the basic characteristics of disasters and their impact on robotic design, describe the robots actually used in disasters to date, promising robot designs (e.g., snakes, legged locomotion) and concepts (e.g., robot teams or swarms, sensor networks), methods of evaluation in benchmarks for rescue robotics, and conclude with a discussion of the fundamental problems and open issues facing rescue robotics, and their evolution from an interesting idea to widespread adoption. The Chapter will concentrate on the rescue phase, not recovery, with the understanding that capabilities for rescue can be applied to, and extended for, the recovery phase. The use of robots in the prevention and preparedness phases of disaster management are outside the scope of this chapter.