The recognition of events in videos is a relevant and challenging task of automatic semantic video analysis. At present one
of the most successful frameworks, used for object recognition tasks, is the bag-of-words (BoW) approach. However this approach
does not model the temporal information of the video stream. In this paper we present a method to introduce temporal information
within the BoW approach. Events are modeled as a sequence composed of histograms of visual features, computed from each frame
using the traditional BoW model. The sequences are treated as strings where each histogram is considered as a character. Event
classification of these sequences of variable size, depending on the length of the video clip, are performed using SVM classifiers
with a string kernel that uses the Needlemann-Wunsch edit distance. Experimental results, performed on two datasets, soccer
video and TRECVID 2005, demonstrate the validity of the proposed approach.
Keywords video annotation - action classification - bag-of-words - string kernel - edit distance