This study investigated effects on foot/ankle roll-over characteristics in different heel heights during level walking. Fifteen
female volunteers who have neither musculoskeletal nor foot problems were participated in gait analyses, wearing totally four
pairs of shoes with different heel heights. To obtain roll-over shape of foot/ankle complex, we used trajectories of ankle
and knee joints, and the center of pressure (COP) between initial contact (IC) and opposite initial contact (OIC). For each
data, roll-over shape was represented by a circular arc using the least-square method. As a result, we found that the entire
roll-over shape moved downwards, as the heel height increased and all traces looked similar even with different heel heights.
Results from the motion analysis revealed that when a normal person walks with shoes in different heel height, his/her foot/ankle
complex adjusts to the heel height through the ankle joint plantarflexion. In addition, we found that in a normal person,
roll-over shape maintains constant through a compensatory action of foot/ankle complex to automatically adjust roll-over shape
up to the certain amount of heel heights. In addition, results clearly showed that rollover characteristics during walking,
functionally explained by three rockers, can be represented by a single curve, since rollover characteristic including and
excluding early loading response period are quite similar. Present preliminary results on roll-over characteristics in a normal
person would provide a new understanding of human walking, and furthermore can be applied to the design of prosthetics and
orthotics of the lower extremity as well as orthopaedic shoes.
Keywords Foot-ankle roll-over characteristic - Gait analysis - Center of pressure