Abstract   Purpose of the study: This pilot study examined the prevalence and types of questions elderly patients have about their current drug therapy. It also evaluated the effectiveness of a brief intervention to prepare patients to ask questions about drug therapy during medical visits.Design and methods: The research used a posttestonly experimental design. Fortyfive elderly patients seen at a primary care clinic during a onemonth period consented to participate and completed the study. After consent, subjects were randomly assigned to intervention and control conditions. A brief interview with intervention group subjects conducted by a medical student assigned to the clinic as part of a summer research experience helped subjects formulate questions they had about current therapy before they went into medical visits. Patientphysician visits were audiotaped and patient questions about medications and health care were tallied.Results: Subjects in the intervention group were significantly more likely to ask questions of providers than were subjects in the control group. Intervention group subjects were found to ask a wider variety of medicationrelated questions than were control group subjects, including questions related to proper use, problems perceived with medications, and effectiveness of treatment.Implications: Assisting patients to formulate questions before medical visits results in an increased likelihood that patients will ask questions and will ask a wider variety of questions during the medical visit.