The data are n independent random binomial events, each resulting in success or failure. The event outcomes are believed to
be trials from a binomial distribution with success probability p, and tests of p=1/2 are desired. However, there is the possibility
that some unidentified event has a success probability different from the common value p for the other n−1 events. Then, tests
of whether this common p equals 1/2 are desired. Fortunately, two-sided tests can be obtained that simultaneously are applicable
for both situations. That is, the significance level for a test is same when one event has a different probability as when
all events have the same probability. These tests are the usual equal-tail tests for p=1/2 (based on n independent trials
from a binomial distribution).
Research partially supported by Mobil Research and Development Corporation and by Nasa Grant NGR 44-007-028. Also associated
with ONR Contract NOOO14-68-A-0515.