There are about a billion hectares of salt-affected land world wide, which may be resource opportunities for halotechnologies, such as halophyte crops and landscape plants, which grow better under high salinities. While much of this land occurs in the Middle East, Central Asia, Northern Africa and Australia it seems that no country is free of salinity issues. The first patent for a halophyte crop was issued less than 20 years ago and at present, crops are being developed by classical breeding, biotechnology, tissue culture and plant exploration. An extensive spectrum of salt-tolerant and halophilic crops is being developed by the new science of halophytology, with over a hundred genera already being studied. Of the estimated 10,000 salt-tolerant species, a potential may exist to develop as many as 250 halophyte staple crops, not to mention many ornamentals, dune stabilizers and environment improving halophytes. New “crops” are being developed that can be used to eliminate toxic compounds and elements (e.g. Se, Pb, Cr, Cd, Zn), petroleum products, asphalt, or radionuclides via halophyte phytoremediation and bio-remediation. Desalinization can also now be done with algae, which convert seawater to “brackish” water and Capacitive Deionization Technology utilizing a carbon aerogel capable of efficiently removing salts via electrostatic charge. In landscaping, ornamental halophytes can use brackish or seawater thereby freeing up large amounts of fresh water for municipal and domestic use. These new halotechnologies will carry their own knowledge bases and terms yet to be invented, much as the US Salinity Lab developed a glycophyte knowledge base for freshwater crops growing in brackish waters and soils. Today, we are entering a new era where the science of halophytology is being developed to understand euhalophytes and how we may benefit from their abilities. Much practical work remains to be done, as well as developing the basic science and concepts necessary to properly understand this new information base. An adequate hypothesis for why some halophytes have increased productivity with increasing in salt levels is needed.