Volume 18, Numbers 3-4, 159-168, DOI: 10.1007/BF00287786

Sex bias in visual images evoked by generics: A new zealand study

Elizabeth Wilson and Sik Hung Ng

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Abstract

Male biases are known to exist in the usage, evaluation, and interpretation of masculine generics. This study explored, by means of a tachistoscope, sex-specific biases in visual images evoked by masculine (ldquoAll men are created equal,rdquo ldquoAt university a student can study whatever he wantsrdquo) and feminine (ldquoThe feminists protested outside the town hall,rdquo ldquoAt university a student can study whatever she wantsrdquo) generics. Photographs of male and female faces were presented in a deliberately ambiguous (subthreshold) viewing field while maintaining the masculine or feminine generic sentence on constant view. It was predicted and found in a sample of 48 university students that if generics invoked sex-specific images, the images would affect the direction in which the viewer would resolve the ambiguous faces, resulting in more reported male faces in the masculine than in the feminine generic condition.
Preparation of this article was supported by a New Zealand Social Sciences Research Fund Committee grant (8632/21/24/8604) to S. H. Ng.

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