The behavior of short-term axially preloaded concrete columns with FRP confinement under axial loading is simulated by using finite element software ABAQUS, and the computing results are compared with the test ones. The comparisons show that proper analysis model can accurately simulate the axial compressive property of FRP-confined concrete columns. Then a parameter analysis is carried out to investigate the impact of longitudinal reinforcement ratio, volumetric lateral reinforcement ratio, concrete strength and restrain stiffness of FRP on the bearing capacity of columns and the load-strain curve under different preload stress levels. The results have indicated that, the confinement effect decreases as the preloading stress level increases. Under low preloading stress level, the reduction of load bearing capacity is less than 5 percent, and the deformation capacity can be greatly improved by enhancing the restrain stiffness of FRP. Under high preloading stress level, the reduction of load bearing capacity does not have the trend to decrease as the increasing of restrain stiffness of FRP.