The reactions of bis(chloromethyl)dichlorosilane with
N-trimethylsilyl lactams and
N-trimethylsilyl-
N-methylacetamide taken in a ratio of 1∶2 followed either by treatment with HgCl
2 in the presence of atmospheric moisture or by hydrolysis under a wet atmosphere afforded cation-anionic complexes, which
contain disiloxane dications of the general formula [L
2SiOSiL
2]
2+ (L is the lactamomethyl or
N-methylacetamidomethyl bidentate ligand) and hexachlorodimercurate, tetrachloromercurate, and hydroxonium trichloride counter-ions,
respectively. X-ray diffraction analysis demonstrated that the disiloxane dications in these complexes contain two five-coordinate
Si atoms and occur as silicenium ions stabilized through two O→Si coordination bonds. In the case of lactamomethyl ligands,
the disiloxane dications exist as diastereomers whose bischelate ligands adopt opposite configurations, whereas when
N-methylacetamidomethyl ligands are present, the bischelate ligands adopt identical configurations. The first example of the
presence of a hydroxonium trichloride ion as a counter-ion in the crystal has been found. It consists of the hydroxonium cation,
which holds three Cl
− anions through strong hydrogen bonds.
Key words silicenium ions - five-coordinate silicon - cation-anionic complexes - X-ray diffraction analysis - quantum-chemical calculations - MNDO/PM3 method
Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 5, pp. 997–1007, May, 1998