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A Novel Architecture for Situation Awareness Systems

Franz Baader20 Contact Information, Andreas Bauer21, 22 Contact Information, Peter Baumgartner21, 22 Contact Information, Anne Cregan22 Contact Information, Alfredo Gabaldon23 Contact Information, Krystian Ji22 Contact Information, Kevin Lee22, 24 Contact Information, David Rajaratnam22, 24 Contact Information and Rolf Schwitter25 Contact Information

(20)  Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
(21)  Australian National University,  
(22)  National ICT Australia (NICTA), Australia
(23)  Center for AI, New University of Lisbon, Portugal
(24)  University of New South Wales, Australia
(25)  Macquarie University, Australia
Abstract
Situation Awareness (SA) is the problem of comprehending elements of an environment within a volume of time and space. It is a crucial factor in decision-making in dynamic environments. Current SA systems support the collection, filtering and presentation of data from different sources very well, and typically also some form of low-level data fusion and analysis, e.g., recognizing patterns over time. However, a still open research challenge is to build systems that support higher-level information fusion, viz., to integrate domain specific knowledge and automatically draw conclusions that would otherwise remain hidden or would have to be drawn by a human operator. To address this challenge, we have developed a novel system architecture that emphasizes the rôle of formal logic and automated theorem provers in its main components. Additionally, it features controlled natural language for operator I/O. It offers three logical languages to adequately model different aspects of the domain. This allows to build SA systems in a more declarative way than is possible with current approaches. From an automated reasoning perspective, the main challenges lay in combining (existing) automated reasoning techniques, from low-level data fusion of time-stamped data to semantic analysis and alert generation that is based on linear temporal logic. The system has been implemented and interfaces with Google-Earth to visualize the dynamics of situations and system output. It has been successfully tested on realistic data, but in this paper we focus on the system architecture and in particular on the interplay of the different reasoning components.

Contact Information Franz Baader
Email: baader@tcs.inf.tu-dresden.de

Contact Information Andreas Bauer
Email: Andreas.Bauer@anu.edu.au
Email: Andreas.Bauer@nicta.com.au

Contact Information Peter Baumgartner
Email: Peter.Baumgartner@anu.edu.au
Email: Peter.Baumgartner@nicta.com.au

Contact Information Anne Cregan
Email: Anne.Cregan@nicta.com.au

Contact Information Alfredo Gabaldon
Email: ag@di.fct.unl.pt

Contact Information Krystian Ji
Email: Krystian.Ji@nicta.com.au

Contact Information Kevin Lee
Email: Kevin.Lee@nicta.com.au

Contact Information David Rajaratnam
Email: David.Rajaratnam@nicta.com.au

Contact Information Rolf Schwitter
Email: rolfs@ics.mq.edu.au
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