Females of
Spodoptera littoralis Boisd. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) with different feeding experiences during their larval development were tested for their
ovipositional response to methanol extracts of larval frass and semisynthetic diets. The effect of the following frass, diet
and diet component extracts was tested: (a) frass from
S. littoralis or
Agrotis segetum larvae fed on a potato-based diet; (b) frass from
S. littoralis larvae fed on a wheat germ-based diet; (c) potato and wheat germ-based diets; and (d) potatoes and wheat germ.
Ovipositing females without prior experience of the potato diet were deterred by extracts of: (1) larval frass from either
species fed on potato diet; (2) the potato-based diet; (3) potato. Also females with experience of the potato diet during
only a part of their larval development were deterred from oviposition by frass of larvae reared on the potato diet and by
the diet itself. However, for females reared on the potato diet for their entire larval development, oviposition was no longer
deterred by either of the three extracts listed above. Extracts of: (1) frass from larvae of either species reared on wheat
germ diet: (2) the wheat germ diet; or (3) wheat germ did not significantly affect oviposition. Females with ablated antennae
were still deterred by frass extracts from larvae fed on potato diet, when they had been reared on the wheat germ diet. In
feeding experiments, larvae of larval stage one and of larval stage three-four reared on either of the two diets preferred
to feed on the wheat germ diet. However, the preference was significantly stronger for larvae with no prior contact with the
potato diet. The effect of larval experience on the loss of oviposition-deterring activity by extracts of larval frass, diets
and diet components is discussed in view of induction and selection.
Key words Lepidoptera -
Spodoptera littoralis
- oviposition - deterrents - feeding - larval experience - induction - selection