We show how to encode context-free string grammars, linear context-free tree grammars, and linear context-free rewriting systems
as Abstract Categorial Grammars. These three encodings share the same constructs, the only difference being the interpretation
of the composition of the production rules. It is interpreted as a first-order operation in the case of context-free string
grammars, as a second-order operation in the case of linear context-free tree grammars, and as a third-order operation in
the case of linear context-free rewriting systems. This suggest the possibility of defining an Abstract Categorial Hierarchy.
Key words Abstract categorial grammars – context-free grammars – formal language theory – lambda-calculus