In 1827 Möbius published his Der barycentrische Calcul [162] or The Barycentric Calculus.1 The word “barycentre” means centre of gravity, but the book is not about mechanics but geometry. It is most concerned with,
and is best remembered for, introducing a new system of coordinates, the barycentric coordinates.
The best single source on Möbius is Möbius and his Band, Fauvel et al. (eds.) [73]. This chapter closely follows my account there, pp. 78–103.