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Risk Management for E-Cash Systems with Partial Real-Time Audit

Yacov YacobiContact Information

(5)  Microsoft Research, One Microsoft Way, Redmond, WA 98052
Abstract
We analyze “coin-wallet” and “balance-wallet” under partial real-time audit, and compute upper bounds on theft due to the fact that not all the transactions are audited in real time, assuming that every- thing else is perfect. In particular, we assume that the audit regime holds for innocent players. Let v be the maximum allowed balance in a wallet, 0 ≤ μ ≤ 1 be the fraction of transactions that are audited in real time in an audit round that includes overall n transactions. Assume one unit transactions. We show that for μ << 1 the upper bound on expected theft for coin-wallet is $$
\frac{\upsilon }
{{e^{\mu ^2 \upsilon }  - 1}}
$$ (which if v << μ−2 becomes $$
(e^{\mu ^2 }  - 1)^{ - 1} 
$$ ), while for plausible parameter choice the bound for a balance-wallet is O(exp(v 2/n)). This last bound can become huge in some cases, implying that partial audit, while suitable for coin-wallets with low denomination coins, may be too risky for balance-wallet. Some implications to the design of anonymous and non-anonymous systems are discussed.

Keywords  Cryptography - e-cash - randomized-audit - risk-management - economy


Contact Information Yacov Yacobi
Email: yacov@microsoft.com
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