The development of the analytical laboratory at the Institute of High-Temperature Electrochemistry of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences is described. The role of spectroscopy with inductively coupled plasma, X-ray diffraction analysis, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray spectrochemical microanalysis in the determination of the composition and structure of substances and materials investigated at the institute is noted. The particular contribution of researchers of the analytical laboratory is emphasized. The efficiency of using modern equipment at the Substance Structure multiple-access center is shown.