The triple A syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disease that is characterised by the triad of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)-resistant
adrenal insufficiency, achalasia and alacrima. In most patients, neurological and dermatological abnormalities are associated
features. We report on the first Bosnian patient with triple A syndrome. Endocrine investigation confirmed primary adrenal
insufficiency at the age of 5.8 years. Two months lather, achalasia was diagnosed, and in the presence of alacrima, the patient
satisfies the diagnostic criteria of triple A syndrome. In addition, a large number of associated neurological and dermatological
features were present in this patient. Moreover, he has dysmorphic facial features, which have not been previously described
in triple A syndrome. Triple A syndrome was confirmed by molecular analysis, revealing a nonsense mutation p.W84X in the
AAAS gene. The parents are both heterozygous carriers of the mutation. The affected twin brother unfortunately died from hypoglycaemic
shock, despite a normal cortisol rise in an ACTH stimulation test. Further, triple A syndrome patients carrying the identical
homozygous p.W84X mutation have to be studied to assess a genotype–phenotype relationship for this mutation.
Keywords Achalasia - Adrenal insufficiency - Alacrima - Triple A syndrome
Publication of these pictures was granted by the parents of the patient.