Most of the 23 species and 55 subspecies of guenons inhabit the moist forests of West and Central Africa. As a result of high levels of hunting and forest loss and degradation in this region, six species (26%) and 12 subspecies (22%) of guenons are threatened with extinction. There is a serious lack of reliable information on the distribution and numbers of African primates, including the guenons. More surveys are needed, particularly given the current rapid decline of guenon numbers and of guenon habitat due to hunting and logging. It is difficult to make effective conservation decisions without this information. Governments, donor agencies, conservation bodies, and the public must do much more to halt the great damage now being done to Africa’s tropical forests and wildlife, both by hunters and loggers. In particular, government officers, conservationists, private individuals, hunters and loggers should work together to develop and implement the many activities and programs that will be required to safeguard Africa’s forests and wildlife, and to make the extraction of wood and meat from these forests sustainable activities. If this can be accomplished, the guenons will be among the many beneficiaries.