Isolated chloromas (granulocytic sarcomas) are rare tumors, most of them progressing to acute myeloblastic leukemia within months. There are still no conclusive treatment strategies for this entity; however, early antileukemic chemotherapy seems to lower the probability of developing systemic disease and prolong survival. We report on a patient with isolated meningeal chloroma, primarily misdiagnosed as a high-grade Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Two cycles of antileukemic induction chemotherapy were administered, followed by local irradiation and intensified consolidation therapy with autologous stem cell transplantation. After 20 months, he is still in complete remission.