The complex agricultural environment combined with intensive production requires development of robust systems with short development time at low cost. The unstructured nature of the external environment increases chances of failure. Moreover, the machines are usually operated by low-tech personnel. Therefore, inherent safety and reliability is an important feature. Food safety is also an issue requiring the automated systems to be sanitized and reliable against leakage of contaminations. This chapter reviews agricultural automation systems including field machinery, irrigation systems, greenhouse automation, animal automation systems, and automation of fruit production systems. Each section describes the different automation systems with many application examples and recent advances in the field.