Most of the knowledge of Agaricales of the Indian subcontinent was based upon Berkeley’s descriptions of the collections made by Sir J D Hooker, mostly in Sikkim and the Khasi Hills. These specimens were deposited in the Herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens. Kew. Recent years have witnessed a fundamental change in agaric taxonomy, with a major emphasis being placed on microstructure. It has therefore become necessary to re-evaluate the early species of Berkeley and to ascertain their microstructure. The present study is aN attempt towards this end. In addition, the nomenciature of all published records of the Indian agaricoid and boletoid basidiomycetes has been revised and a modern check-list, together with keys to the species, is presented.