What the preceding arguments show — I take it — is that none of the four traditional marks of the mental considered provide a supportable basis for denying that Cal calculates in the same sense as you or I; i.e., I have sought to show that our initial syllogism does not commit the fallacy of four terms by equivocating on

calculates

, its middle. I will conclude by remarking why the argument — at least as I intend it, and on its least tendentious reading — doesn''t equivocate on its major,

thinks

, either. Ordinarily

think

is a generic term for any of several different mental activities or states. According to Descartes, a thing that thinks is

a thing which doubts, understands, affirms, denies, is willing, is unwilling, and also imagines and has sensory perceptions

(1642: 19). Similarly, my dictionary (
Webster''s New Collegiate), under

think

, mentions conceive, judge, consider, surmise, expect, determine, resolve, reason, intend, purpose, reflect, infer, opine, and decide. In this ordinary generic sense of the term, I take it, it''s undeniable that calculating is thinking, and — if my arguments are sound — that my pocket calculator calculates and consequently thinks.
Perhaps some special sense of

thinking

can be made out for which calculating is not sufficient — perhaps some sense in which it''s not sufficient to doubt
or understand
or will, etc., but in which it''s necessary to (be able to) doubt
and understand
and will, etc. (as Descartes surely intended). Perhaps there is some sense in which

thinking

requires such unity, or universality of mental capacity — or alternatively some other traditional (or perhaps some non-traditional) mark(s) of the mental. At any rate — whether or not such a sense of

thought

can be made out — I have only claimed that Cal thinks in the ordinary generic sense of being a subject of at least one kind of contentful or mental state, not that he is a unified, or conscious, or autonomous self or soul or thinker in some special proprietary philosophical sense. I leave it to the opponent of AI to clarify what this sense is and to make out the case, if it can be made, against Cal''s thinking in
this sense.