There are many potential causes of abdominal distention in cattle, among which, omental bursitis is a rare condition. Abdominal distention due to omental bursa inflammation was diagnosed in a 6-month-old Holstein calf. Clinical signs included severe abdominal distention, weakness, and diarrhea. Exploratory laparotomy was carried out at the midline and a large quantity of exudate was drained. α-Hemolytic streptococcus was cultured from the exudate. In accordance with the wishes of the owner, the calf was euthanized at an abattoir. At necropsy, ulcers in the abomasum were found together with one metallic foreign body that penetrated to the reticular wall. This report indicates that omental bursitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis for calves with signs of abdominal distention.