It is a time of increasing hope for those afflicted with devastating retinal diseases. Less than a decade ago, very few options were available for someone newly diagnosed with exudative AMD, and none of the possible treatments involved pharmacological intervention. Today, numerous pharmacological therapies are available, both approved and off-label, along with a variety of other treatment modalities. This chapter reviews the history and outcomes of different treatment methods of posterior segment neovascularization, from the early days of pharmacological intervention to ongoing clinical trials. It then summarizes the various directions that future research may take in pursuing the treatment of pathological ocular angiogenesis.