A 22-week stillborn fetus with 47,XXX karyotype had lower mesodermal defects consisting of irregular fusion of the sacral
vertebrae, anal agenesis, multicystic dysplasia of a horseshoe kidney, a single umbilical artery, dysplastic ovaries, and
uterine hypoplasia. This case provides additional evidence for an association between trisomy X and genitourinary defects
including lower mesodermal defects sequence.
Key words: triple-X, genitourinary malformations, lower mesodermal defects
Received November 21, 1997; accepted April 2, 1998.