2008, III, 183-188, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-71097-4_24

Botulinum Toxin: Products, Techniques, Complications

Melvin A. Shiffman and Sid J. Mirrafati

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Abstract

Justinus Kerner, in 1793 [1], discovered a substance he called Wurstgift found in spoiled sausage that caused gastrointestinal and muscular disorders that could result in death. The disease was called “Kerner’s disease” and ultimately named by Muller, in 1870, botulism from the Latin term botulus meaning “sausage” [1]. In 1895, Emile van Ermengem first isolated the bacterium Clostridium botulinum [1]. Edward Schantz, in 1994 [1], first isolated the toxin and in 1973 Alan B. Scott [2] used BTX-A for the first time to treat strabismus.

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