Most research in Interactive Storytelling (IS) has sought inspiration in narrative theories issued from contemporary narratology to either identify fundamental concepts or derive formalisms for their implementation. In the former case, the theoretical approach gives raise to empirical solutions, while the latter develops Interactive Storytelling as some form of “computational narratology”, modelled on computational linguistics. In this paper, we review the most frequently cited theories from the perspective of IS research. We discuss in particular the extent to which they can actually inspire IS technologies and highlight key issues for the effective use of narratology in IS.