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Symbolic Model Checking without BDDs

Armin BiereContact Information, Alessandro CimattiContact Information, Edmund ClarkeContact Information and Yunshan ZhuContact Information

(5)  Computer Science Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
(6)  Istituto per la Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica (IRST), via Sommarive 18, 38055 Povo (TN), Italy
Abstract
Symbolic Model Checking [3], [14] has proven to be a powerful technique for the verification of reactive systems. BDDs [2] have traditionally been used as a symbolic representation of the system. In this paper we show how boolean decision procedures, like Stålmarck’s Method [16] or the Davis & Putnam Procedure [7], can replace BDDs. This new technique avoids the space blow up of BDDs, generates counterexamples much faster, and sometimes speeds up the verification. In addition, it produces counterexamples of minimal length. We introduce a bounded model checking procedure for LTL which reduces model checking to propositional satisfiability.We show that bounded LTL model checking can be done without a tableau construction. We have implemented a model checker BMC, based on bounded model checking, and preliminary results are presented.
This research is sponsored by the Semiconductor Research Corporation (SRC) under Contract No. 97-DJ-294 and the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Grant No. CCR-9505472. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of SRC, NSF, or the United States Government.

Contact Information Armin Biere
Email: Armin.Biere@cs.cmu.edu

Contact Information Alessandro Cimatti
Email: cimatti@irst.itc.it

Contact Information Edmund Clarke
Email: Edmund.Clarke@cs.cmu.edu

Contact Information Yunshan Zhu
Email: Yunshan.Zhu@cs.cmu.edu
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Referenced by
14 newer articles

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