Volume 12, Number 1, 61-63, DOI: 10.1023/A:1007769503006

The Attractive Hubbard Model in 2-D: Is It Capable of Describing a Pseudogap and Preformed Pairs?

M. Letz

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Abstract

Deviations from Fermi liquid behavior are well documented in the normal state ofthe cuprate superconductors, and some of these differences seem to be related topretransitional features appearing at temperatures above T c. The observationof a pseudogap, e.g., in ARPES experiments, is a familiar example of this physics. Onepotential explanation for this behavior involves preformed pairs with finite lifetimesexisting in the normal state above T c. In this way, two characteristictemperatures can be established. A higher one T* at which pairs begin toform and the actual T c at which a phase-coherent superconducting phaseis established. In order to test these ideas we have investigated the negative UHubbard model in two dimensions in the fully self-consistent ladder approximation atlow electron densities. In the non-self-consistent version of this theory the systemalways shows an instability toward Bose-condensation of infinite lifetime pairs. In contrastto this, pairs obtain a finite lifetime due to pair–pair interaction and thesharp two-particle bound state is strongly lifetime broadened when self-consistency isapplied. A quasiparticle scattering rate which varies linearly with temperature is alsofound. The fully self-consistent calculation we were able to perform employed ak rarr-averaged approximation in which the self-energyloses its k rarr-dispersion due to ak rarr-average. This approximation is found to preservethe essential physics.

Negative-U Hubbard model - two-particle bound states - pseudogap - non-Fermi-liquid properties: 74.20 Mn 74.25.-q 74.25.Fy 74.25.Nf 74.72.-h 74.20-z

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