Sediment Quality Status of Two Creeks in the Upper Bonny Estuary, Niger Delta, in Relation to Urban/Industrial Activities

Erema R. Daka, Miebaka Moslen, Calista A. Ekeh and I. K. E. Ekweozor

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Abstract

Two creeks (Azuabie and Obufe) in the upper Bonny Estuary, Nigeria were studied to determine how industrial and other anthropogenic activities have influenced their relative sediment qualities. Total organic carbon, total hydrocarbons, zinc, lead, cadmium and iron were significantly higher in the Azuabie creek, while phosphate, nitrate, copper and chromium did not show significant differences between the two creeks. Principal component analysis (PCA) ordinations discriminated all locations in the Obufe creek into a cluster along with the less-contaminated sites in the Azuabie creek. The other two sites in the Azuabie creek clustered separately, showing that they were contamination hot-spots.

Keywords  Hydrocarbons - heavy metals - organic carbon - estuary - Niger Delta

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