“Sudden in-custody death” does not have a formal medical definition. But the general term “sudden death” is used medically to describe the rapid, unexpected death of an individual within 24 hours of the onset of symptoms. It follows then that sudden in-custody death refers to rapid, unexpected death during detention of individuals by law enforcement or public safety personnel. This term comprises the vast majority of “arrest-related” deaths (the preferred term in criminology literature) which include the fairly rare fatal police shootings [1].